day #7 - typecasting__in__Python

                         Type-Casting

'The  Conversion of one data type into the other data type is known as type casting in python or type conversion in python."

python supports a wide variety of functions or methods

like: int(), float(), str(), ord(), tuple(), set(), list(), hex(), oct(), duct(), etc. type-casting in python 

Example

input-

a="2"

b="3"

print(a+b)

Output-

23

#You might be expecting that the answer will be 5.

# But the answer will be 23 because the computer is considering the variables A and B as strings.

Two types of type-casting-

1. Explicit Conversion (means I'm doing )

The conversion of one data type into another data type, done via developer or programmer's intervention or manually as per the requirement, is knows as explicit type conversion.

ex.

intput-

         string="67"

         number = 7

         string_number = int(string)  # throws an error of the string is not a valid integer

         sum= number + string_number

         print("the sum of both the number is: ",sum)

output-

         the sum of both the numbers is 74

         

2. Implicit Conversion (python is doing it automatically )

data types in python do not have the same level i.e ordering of data types is not the  same in python some of he data types have higher-order and some have lower order. 

while performing any operations on variables with different data types in python

one of the variables data types will be changed to the higher data types.

# implicit conversion

Input--

# python automatically converts 

# a to int

a=7

print(type(a))

# python automatically converts b to float

 b= 3.0

 print(type(b))

# python automatically converts c to float as it is a float addition

c=a+b

print(c)

print(type(c))

Output--

 <class 'int'>

 <class 'float'>

 10.0

 <class 'float'>